In which case did the Supreme Court uphold random drug testing for student athletes?

The Supreme Court upheld random drug testing for student athletes in the case of Board of Education v. Earls. This decision was significant because it affirmed that schools have the authority to conduct random drug tests on student athletes as a measure to promote discipline and safeguard the health of students involved in athletics. The Court balanced the students' privacy interests against the government’s interest in preventing drug use among minors, determining that the need to deter drug use outweighed the limited privacy invasion that occurs with random drug testing.

In this case, the Supreme Court recognized that student athletes have a reduced expectation of privacy due to their participation in extracurricular activities, which can justify the random testing policy. The ruling helped establish a precedent for schools, indicating that they can implement necessary health and safety measures within their athletic programs.

Other case options relate to different legal principles and issues—Rochin v. California concerns coerced confessions, Safford Unified School District v. Redding revolves around student searches and privacy rights, and United States v. Jones deals with search and seizure in relation to GPS tracking on vehicles. None of these cases directly pertain to the issue of drug testing for student athletes, which reinforces the correctness of the choice made.